Homo sapiens · seed P02766 · 147 aa · family defined as ≥30% identity to that seed · compiled 07 October 2026
Open in CODSWALLOP UniProt P02766 RCSB by accession PDBe-KB AlphaFold DB InterPro CATH 2.60.40.180 SCOP 8040289 SCOP 8037673 RCSB 6EP1 PDBe
CATH and SCOP identifiers come from the RCSB's own structure annotations, which the Domains panel already reads, so these are looked up rather than guessed at.
Every figure here is counted over the whole family rather than quoted from one entry.
6EP1, the structure every other member of this family is superposed onto. Rendered by the RCSB and embedded here: the live app shows an interactive viewport, which a document that fetches nothing cannot.
How many of this family's constructs contain each residue of the seed. A trough is a stretch nobody has put in a construct, which is a construct-design answer rather than a disorder one.
151 distinct constructs across 517 entries. 503 polymer entities differ from the UniProt canonical sequence in some way, 63 carry a recognised expression tag and 0 carry a fusion partner.
"Differs from canonical" is not the same as "engineered". The canonical sequence is the full gene product, so a secreted protein whose structures all start after its signal peptide counts every one of them as different: lysozyme's most-used construct, residues 19–147 on 1,239 entities, is simply the mature protein. Read the construct column below for what was actually done, rather than this count.
| Entities | Length | Best (Å) | Best entry | What was made |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 142 | 127 | 1.10 | 8C86 | residues 21-147 |
| 39 | 159 | 1.10 | 8W45 | His6; V50M |
| 19 | 128 | 1.15 | 4D7B | residues 20-147; A20M |
| 16 | 127 | 1.20 | 8PMA | residues 21-147; V50M |
| 14 | 147 | 1.21 | 6SUG | matches the canonical sequence |
| 11 | 116 | 1.20 | 5DWP | residues 30-145 |
| 11 | 127 | 1.38 | 7Y6J | residues 21-147; A117S |
| 8 | 159 | 1.19 | 8W48 | His6 |
| 7 | 124 | 1.70 | 4ABQ | residues 21-144 |
| 7 | 124 | 1.90 | 1DVT | residues 21-144; E83Q |
| 7 | 127 | 1.38 | 3DGD | residues 21-147; F107M, L130M |
| 7 | 127 | 1.70 | 1TSH | residues 21-147; T80A |
| 7 | 127 | 1.70 | 6D0W | residues 21-147; E83Q |
| 7 | 135 | 1.40 | 6GNR | residues 17-151; C17G, N18A, T19M +1 more |
| 6 | 118 | 1.60 | 3CFM | residues 30-147 |
| 5 | 115 | 1.25 | 9RSR | residues 30-144; V50M |
| 5 | 115 | 1.30 | 6EP1 | residues 30-144 |
| 5 | 127 | 1.18 | 4HIQ | residues 21-147; V142I |
| 5 | 127 | 1.82 | 3DJZ | residues 21-147; L75P |
| 5 | 130 | 1.30 | 5CN3 | residues 18-147; S18G, E19A, A20M |
| 4 | 119 | 1.15 | 8AWI | residues 29-147 |
| 4 | 126 | 2.00 | 1BZ8 | residues 21-147; 1 internal deletion |
| 4 | 127 | 1.58 | 2G3X | residues 21-147; I104S |
| 4 | 127 | 1.63 | 8T5X | residues 21-147; A45T |
| 4 | 127 | 2.18 | 9W9N | residues 21-147; F84S |
Showing the 25 most-used of 151.
Columns where the wild-type residue still dominates but a real minority carries something else, which is a different question from "what varies across species".
| Oligomeric state | Chains | Entries | Share |
|---|---|---|---|
| tetrameric | 4 | 429 | 83.0% |
| dimeric | 2 | 25 | 4.8% |
| pentameric | 5 | 22 | 4.3% |
| trimeric | 3 | 16 | 3.1% |
| hexameric | 6 | 14 | 2.7% |
| monomeric | 1 | 2 | 0.4% |
| decameric | 10 | 2 | 0.4% |
| undecameric | 11 | 1 | 0.2% |
318 entries have the depositor's assembly corroborated by PISA, 186 carry the depositor's word alone and 13 were assigned by PISA where the depositor gave none. The middle figure is not a disagreement: PISA may have returned nothing or never run. 30 entries carry more than one assembly with different chain counts, so they have no single answer to quote: 1BMZ, 1ETA, 1ETB, 1F86, 1IJN, 1SOQ, 1TFP, 1TTR, 1TYR, 1TZ8, 2F8I, 2PAB, 3CFM, 3CFN, 3CFQ, 3CFT, 3CN0, 3CN1, 3CN2, 3CN3.
Every source's own domains on the seed axis, one row each. They are not merged: Pfam, CATH, SCOP and InterPro disagree about boundaries, and a merged track would state a consensus none of them gave.
| Domain | Source | Span (seed) | Chains |
|---|---|---|---|
| Transthyretin/hydroxyisourate hydrolase domain | CATH 2.60.40.180 | 30–145 | 309 |
| Transthyretin (synonym: prealbumin) | SCOP2B 8040289 | 30–145 | 461 |
| Transthyretin (synonym: prealbumin) | SCOP2B 8037673 | 41–147 | 10 |
| Component | Class | Name | Entries | Best (Å) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA | ion | Calcium Ion | 35 | 1.15 |
| GOL | cryoprotectant | Glycerol | 34 | 1.12 |
| NA | ion | Sodium Ion | 31 | 1.10 |
| SO4 | ion | Sulfate Ion | 21 | 1.25 |
| ACT | cryoprotectant | Acetate Ion | 15 | 1.38 |
| EDO | cryoprotectant | 1,2-Ethanediol | 15 | 1.23 |
| T44 | ligand | 3,5,3',5'-Tetraiodo-L-Thyronine | 11 | 1.10 |
| 3MI | ligand | 2-(3,5-Dichlorophenyl)-1,3-Benzoxazole-6-Carboxylic Acid | 10 | 1.20 |
| DMS | cryoprotectant | Dimethyl Sulfoxide | 8 | 1.25 |
| CL | ion | Chloride Ion | 8 | 1.40 |
| ZN | ion | Zinc Ion | 7 | 1.38 |
| TCW | ligand | Tolcapone | 7 | 1.15 |
| 1FL | ligand | 5-(2,4-Difluorophenyl)-2-Hydroxy-Benzoic Acid | 6 | 1.50 |
| MG | ion | Magnesium Ion | 6 | 1.42 |
| STL | ligand | Resveratrol | 4 | 1.35 |
| PEG | cryoprotectant | Di(Hydroxyethyl)ether | 4 | 1.44 |
| BME | buffer | Beta-Mercaptoethanol | 3 | 1.70 |
| P2C | ligand | 2-[(3,5-Dichloro-4-Trioxidanylphenyl)amino]benzoic Acid | 3 | 1.69 |
| DNF | ligand | 2,4-Dinitrophenol | 3 | 1.70 |
| LU2 | ligand | 2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-Dihydroxy-4h-Chromen-4-One | 3 | 1.12 |
Parsed from the free text 420 depositors typed into
_exptl_crystal_grow.pdbx_details, out of 428
entries that recorded anything at all.
Median pH 6.5
(range 3.5 to 8.8).
517 entries carry a wwPDB validation report: 201 clean, 245 worth a check and 71 with something to explain. Median clashscore 5.97, median RSRZ outliers 6.11%, median R-free minus R-work 0.033. 478 have released structure factors.
| Organism | Entries | Best (Å) | Ligand-bound | Seed covered |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Homo sapiens | 492 | 1.10 | 287 | 100% |
| Sparus aurata | 11 | 1.40 | 8 | 84% |
| Danio rerio | 5 | 1.68 | 1 | 74% |
| Rattus norvegicus | 4 | 1.80 | 3 | 86% |
| synthetic construct | 1 | 1.46 | 0 | 80% |
| unidentified | 1 | 1.55 | 1 | 86% |
| Mus musculus | 1 | 2.05 | 0 | 86% |
| Notamacropus eugenii | 1 | 2.69 | 0 | 79% |
| Gallus gallus | 1 | 2.90 | 0 | 84% |
147 residues, numbered every ten. Every identity figure in this document is measured against this sequence.
active or binding site modified residue or glycosylation disulphide cysteine transmembrane or signal the 15 most-substituted positions
Sites are UniProt's curated features where the seed is a UniProt accession; the substituted positions are measured from this family's own alignment rather than annotated, and only the fifteen most substituted are marked: every position carrying a minority substitution would be most of the protein, because the family holds orthologues. A residue can carry more than one and is drawn with the first that applies, in the order of the key above.
One record per paper, not per entry.
| Year | Citation |
|---|---|
| 2026 | Investigating transthyretin variants H88R and I107V in amyloid priming: From destabilization to complete dissociation. Febs J. doi:10.1111/febs.70485 |
| 2026 | Cryo-EM structures of biopsy-derived TTR fibrils in hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis. Nat Commun doi:10.1038/s41467-026-75850-8 |
| 2026 | Cryo-EM reveals structural variability of apolipoprotein A-I amyloid fibrils across organs, mutations, and clinical presentations. Nat Commun doi:10.1038/s41467-026-72150-z |
| 2026 | Three-Dimensional Visualization and Proteomic Analysis of Human Cardiac Transthyretin Amyloidosis Tissue Reveals Microangiopathy and Capillary Occlusion. J Am Heart Assoc doi:10.1161/JAHA.125.042248 |
| 2026 | Structures of dye-bound transthyretin amyloid fibrils from abdominal fat biopsies. Nat Commun doi:10.1038/s41467-026-72441-5 |
| 2026 | DM: a simple solution to suppress air-water interface interactions in cryo-EM. Biorxiv doi:10.64898/2026.04.02.716008 |
| 2026 | Amyloid fibril polymorphism in the heart and liver of a patient with polyneuropathic ATTRv-V122 Delta amyloidosis Commun Biol doi:10.1038/s42003-026-09919-x |
| 2026 | Transthyretin can denature by an alternative pathway. Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA doi:10.1073/pnas.2536532123 |
| 2025 | Fragment-based drug discovery for transthyretin kinetic stabilisers using a novel capillary zone electrophoresis method. Plos One doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0323816 |
| 2025 | Repurposing of Agrochemicals as ATTRv Amyloidosis Inhibitors. J.Med.Chem. doi:10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c02221 |
| 2025 | New promising transthyretin stabilizers for cardiac amyloidosis treatment Eur J Med Chem Rep doi:10.1016/j.ejmcr.2025.100308 |
| 2025 | The conformational landscape of human transthyretin revealed by cryo-EM. Nat.Struct.Mol.Biol. doi:10.1038/s41594-024-01472-7 |
| 2025 | Pyrazole-Based Transthyretin Kinetic Stabilizers Identified Using a Covalent Fluorescent Probe Assay for Selectivity Profiling in Human Serum. J.Med.Chem. doi:10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5c02576 |
| 2025 | Structure of ATTRv-F64S fibrils isolated from skin tissue of a living patient. Nat Commun doi:10.1038/s41467-025-67457-2 |
| 2025 | Structural and molecular homogeneity of ATTRv-T60A amyloid fibrils across patients and organs. Structure doi:10.1016/j.str.2025.09.008 |
| 2025 | Apolipoprotein A-IV fibrils: structural diagnosis of mixed cardiac amyloidosis. Nat Commun doi:10.1038/s41467-025-64902-0 |
| 2024 | Development of Benziodarone Analogues with Enhanced Potency for Selective Binding to Transthyretin in Human Plasma. J.Med.Chem. doi:10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c02286 |
| 2024 | Mispacking of the F87 sidechain drives aggregation-promoting conformational fluctuations in the subunit interfaces of the transthyretin tetramer. Protein Sci. doi:10.1002/pro.5101 |
| 2024 | Probing the Dissociation Pathway of a Kinetically Labile Transthyretin Mutant. J.Am.Chem.Soc. doi:10.1021/jacs.3c10083 |
| 2024 | Trypsin-induced aggregation of transthyretin Valine 30 variants associated with hereditary amyloidosis. Febs J. doi:10.1111/febs.17070 |
| 2024 | Diflunisal versus tafamidis on neuropathy and cardiomyopathy in hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis. Ann Clin Transl Neurol doi:10.1002/acn3.52158 |
| 2024 | The Structural and Dynamic Insights into the Ala97Ser Amyloidogenic Mutation in Transthyretin. Chem Asian J doi:10.1002/asia.202401438 |
| 2024 | Structural polymorphism of amyloid fibrils in ATTR amyloidosis revealed by cryo-electron microscopy. Nat Commun doi:10.1038/s41467-024-44820-3 |
| 2024 | ATTRv-V30M amyloid fibrils from heart and nerves exhibit structural homogeneity. Structure doi:10.1016/j.str.2024.09.021 |
| 2024 | Cryo-EM confirms a common fibril fold in the heart of four patients with ATTRwt amyloidosis. Commun Biol doi:10.1038/s42003-024-06588-6 |
| 2023 | 3-O-Methyltolcapone and Its Lipophilic Analogues Are Potent Inhibitors of Transthyretin Amyloidogenesis with High Permeability and Low Toxicity. Int J Mol Sci doi:10.3390/ijms25010479 |
| 2023 | Resveratrol Derivatives Inhibit Transthyretin Fibrillization: Structural Insights into the Interactions between Resveratrol Derivatives and Transthyretin. J.Med.Chem. doi:10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c01698 |
| 2023 | Transthyretin Binding Mode Dichotomy of Fluorescent trans -Stilbene Ligands. Acs Chem Neurosci doi:10.1021/acschemneuro.2c00700 |
| 2023 | PITB: A high affinity transthyretin aggregation inhibitor with optimal pharmacokinetic properties. Eur.J.Med.Chem. doi:10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115837 |
| 2023 | A molecular basis for tetramer destabilization and aggregation of transthyretin Ala97Ser. Protein Sci. doi:10.1002/pro.4610 |
| 2023 | Benziodarone and 6-hydroxybenziodarone are potent and selective inhibitors of transthyretin amyloidogenesis. Bioorg.Med.Chem. doi:10.1016/j.bmc.2023.117370 |
| 2023 | Rafoxanide, a salicylanilide anthelmintic, interacts with human plasma protein transthyretin. Febs J. doi:10.1111/febs.16915 |
| 2023 | Combining Solid-State NMR with Structural and Biophysical Techniques to Design Challenging Protein-Drug Conjugates. Angew.Chem.Int.Ed.Engl. doi:10.1002/anie.202303202 |
| 2023 | Common transthyretin-derived amyloid fibril structures in patients with hereditary ATTR amyloidosis. Nat Commun doi:10.1038/s41467-023-43301-3 |
| 2022 | Development of a Highly Potent Transthyretin Amyloidogenesis Inhibitor: Design, Synthesis, and Evaluation. J.Med.Chem. doi:10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c01195 |
| 2022 | Antioxidant Quercetin 3-O-Glycosylated Plant Flavonols Contribute to Transthyretin Stabilization Crystals doi:10.3390/cryst12050638 |
| 2022 | The hydrophobic residue Leu73 is crucial for the high stability and low aggregation properties of murine transthyretin. Biochem.J. doi:10.1042/BCJ20220203 |
| 2022 | Structural Analysis of the Complex of Human Transthyretin with 3',5'-Dichlorophenylanthranilic Acid at 1.5 angstrom Resolution. Molecules doi:10.3390/molecules27217206 |
| 2022 | Chlorinated Naringenin Analogues as Potential Inhibitors of Transthyretin Amyloidogenesis. J.Med.Chem. doi:10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c00511 |
| 2022 | Cryo-EM structure of an ATTRwt amyloid fibril from systemic non-hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis. Nat Commun doi:10.1038/s41467-022-33591-4 |